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EndNote

An introduction to EndNote for Mac and Windows and EndNote Online.

Working with references in Word

Working with references in Word

EndNote works with Microsoft Word and Open Office Writer to insert citations into documents.  EndNote will format citations and bibliographies into a nominated style. Styles can include footnotes and numbering. 

Setting the Style 

  • In Word, select the EndNote tab.
  • Click the drop down Style menu and select your chosen style from the list or Select Another Style... (e.g. Author-Date, APA 6th) 

Inserting citations

There are various methods to insert citations into documents.  The Insert Citation toolbar option can be used in Word to find a citation or insert a selected citation.  You can also directly insert a citation from EndNote or copy and paste citations from EndNote to Word. 

This is one method to insert citations.

  • Open your Word document.  Click into the text where you would like to place the citation.
  • From the EndNote tab click Go to EndNote.
  • Highlight the reference(s) that you wish to place in the document. Use the control key and mouse together to select more than one reference.
  • Click on the Insert Citation toolbar button (keyboard shortcut : Alt-2 ).   

Using APA 6th as an example, formatted citations appear as (Wu, Chan, & Ma, 2005).  Unformatted citations have curly brackets and exposed record numbers {Wu, 2005 #34}. To format these citations, click Update Citations and Bibliography.  Also do this if you edit the reference in EndNote after entering it in Word to make your edits appear. To unformat citations, click Convert Citations and Bibliography and select Convert to Unformatted Citations.  This might be done to check that you selected the appropriate references from your EndNote library.

EndNote will generate a reference list/bibliography in the chosen style at the end of the document.

Editing citations and bibliographies

Editing citations and bibliographies

Editing Citations in Your Document

It is not possible to edit citations by typing over the citation as the edits are lost each time EndNote reformats the reference list.

Citations can be edited by clicking on a citation and selecting Edit & Manage Citation(s) from the EndNote tab. The citations will be selected in the Citations in document window.  Make any of the following changes to the highlighted citation.

  • Use the Prefix field to enter text to be displayed immediately before the citation text. Spaces are significant. e.g. Johnston (cited in Coles, 2005)
  • Use the Suffix field for text after the citation text and for page numbers, e.g.(Coles, 2005, p.45)
  • The Pages field does not operate for many styles as it does not display numbers, so use Suffix.
  • Alter formatting to Exclude Author or Exclude Year. Other options are also available.

Editing Bibliography Layout in Your Document

Bibliography layout changes made using Word are replaced each time EndNote reformats the bibliography.

Edit the bibliography layout by clicking on the arrow next to Bibliography on the EndNote tab. Select the Layout tab. This provides options for changing the font, font size, indents, line spacing, and spacing between bibliography entries.

Add a separate bibliography

Add a separate bibliography

A formatted reference list can be added to your document without using EndNote to insert citations.

  • Open a Word Document.
  • Go to the EndNote tab. Click Go to EndNote.
  • Select references for your list using the mouse and holding down the Ctrl key while multiple references are selected.
  • Click on Edit > Copy Formatted.
  • Click the Return to Word Processor toolbar icon and select the place in the document where the references should be inserted.
  • Click on the Paste icon.

Instant formatting

Instant formatting

Instant formatting enables you to watch the reference list (bibliography) appear as you insert citations. If you are writing a long or complex document such as a thesis, it is recommended that instant formatting is turned off as it can be time-consuming to reformat each time a new citation is inserted. When finished writing the document or if you want to see a draft, click on Update Citations and Bibliography to format the citations and reference list. To continue work on the document, unformat the citations using the Convert Citations and Bibliography option.

It is essential to have unformatted citations when compiling a master document from separate documents, in order to create a single reference list at the end of the document.

To disable or enable Instant Formatting in the current document:

  • Open a Word document. On the EndNote tab, select Go to EndNote and open your EndNote library.
  • Return to Word and on the EndNote tab, click on the arrow next to Bibliography.
  • Select the Instant Formatting tab.
  • Select Turn Off  or Turn On as appropriate.  Click OK. 

To disable or enable Instant Formatting for all documents:

  • On the EndNote tab, select Preferences. 
  • Check or uncheck the Enable Instant Formatting on new Word documents option.  This can be changed at any time.