A phenomenological study is a qualitative research approach that seeks to explore and understand individuals' lived experiences and the meaning they assign to those experiences. The methodology originates from phenomenology, a philosophical movement founded by Edmund Husserl which emphasizes the direct examination of phenomena as they are perceived by consciousness, without the application of preconceived assumptions by the observer (van Manen, 2021).
Focus on Lived Experiences: The goal is to capture how people experience a phenomenon from their personal perspective. This couldl be about anything from illness, grief, or joy to a specific event, life transition or situation.
Data Collection: Typically, the data is gathered through in-depth interviews, discussions, or observations, where participants describe their feelings, thoughts, and perceptions about a phenomenon.
Interpretation: The data is analysed to identify themes and patterns while aiming explore in detail the experiences of the participants. "Phenomenological reduction" is a method used to uncover the core meaning of these experiences.
Bracketing is a feature of phenomenological study involving the deliberate process of 'setting aside' the researcher's own biases to ensure that participants' perspectives are captured.
Sample Size: Phenomenological studies often use small, purposefully selected cohort sample sizes.